Factors that Influence Children’s Social and Emotional Development
Many factors may affect the way children express their social skills or emotional competencies or the rate at which children acquire social skills or emotional competencies. These factors include 1) environmental risk factors such as living in an unsafe community, receiving care within a low-quality child care setting, lack of resources available in the community or lack of policies supporting children and families, etc, 2) family risk factors such as maternal depression or mental illness in the family, parental substance abuse, family violence, poverty, etc. and 3) within-child risk factors such as a fussy temperament, developmental delay, and serious health issues. All of these factors need to be taken into careful consideration when gathering information to fully understand and support children’s social and emotional health through a comprehensive, ecological approach. This particular tutorial will focus on the individual child aspects of social and emotional development to include milestones, risk factors and strategies to support children. For more information on supporting the social and emotional aspects of early care and education environments, some helpful resources include:
- The Center for the Social and Emotional Foundations for Early Learning Infant and Toddler Module 2: Responsive Routines, Environments, and Strategies to Support Social and Emotional Development in Infants and Toddlers
- The Center for the Social and Emotional Foundations for Early Learning Preschool Module 1: Promoting Children’s Success: Building Relationships and Creating Supportive Environments
- The Teaching Pyramid Observation Tool for preschool classrooms (TPOT) (Hemmeter, Fox & Snyder), and the Teaching Pyramid Infant Toddler Observation Scale (TPITOS) (Hemmeter, Carta, Hunter, & Strain, 2009) are observational tools designed to support early childhood mental health consultants in learning more about how the behavior of caregivers and the setup of the classroom environment support the social and emotional development of infants, toddlers and young children ages.
For more information on supporting adult (parent and caregiver) social and emotional health look on the Center for Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation home webpage.